15^th International Conference on Genomics and Molecular Biology March 28-29, 2022 Berlin, Germany

Biography:

Han Xia has his expertise in evaluation and passion in improving the health and wellbeing. In the current study, he showed that lnc-Evf2 is a preosteoblast-enriched lncRNA that is overexpressed in OLF and during osteogenic differentiation, but was down-expressed in OP. Knockdown of lnc-Evf2 significantly inhibits the expression of osteogenic differentiation marker genes and the ALP activity and delays the osteoblastic mineralization process. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that silencing of lnc-Evf2 decreases the protein levels but not the mRNA levels of Notch2, Notch3, and Hes1 in preosteoblasts and mouse embryonic fibroblasts, suggesting that lnc-Evf2 promotes osteogenesis via the Notch signaling. focusing.

Abstract:

Ossification of ligaments (OL) and osteoporosis (OP) are multifactorial disorders without definitive clinical biomarkers. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to involve in regulating pathogenesis. Here, we have identified a preosteoblast-enriched lnc-Evf2 that was overexpressed in ossified ligamentum flavum (OLF) and down-expressed in OP. lnc-Evf2 is gradually upregulated during osteogenic induction, correlating with the enhanced expression of osteogenic marker genes and matrix mineralization. Moreover, knockdown of lnc-Evf2 significantly inhibits the expression of osteogenic differentiation markers and delays the osteoblastic mineralization process, indicating that this molecule is involved in osteogenesis. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that silencing of lnc-Evf2 decreases the protein level but not the mRNA levels of Notch2, Notch3, and Hes1, all of which correlate with osteogenesis. Taken together, our data demonstrate that lnc-Evf2 promotes osteogenic differentiation and bone formation through the Notch signaling, revealing that lnc-Evf2 may serve as a novel potential clinical target of OL and OP.

Recent Publications

1. Harper Zhen Zhang, Haixia Q, Han Xia#, Qi Liu, Yi Ren, Kun Zhang, Yuan Xue, and Wei Hong1. Preosteoblast-enriched lnc-Evf2 facilitates osteogenic differentiation by targeting Notch. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2021 Feb 4;53(2):179-188.
2. Yutao Tang, Han Xia, et al. Effects of Intermittent Parathyroid Hormone 1-34 Administration on Circulating Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Women. Med Sci Monit. 2019 Jan 8; 25:259-268.
3. Yawei Han, Kun Zhang, Yuheng Hong, Jingzhao Wang, Qi Liu, Zhen Zhang, Han Xia, Yutao Tang, Tengshuai Li, Liandong Li, Yuan Xue, Wei Hong. miR-342-3p promotes osteogenic differentiation via targeting ATF3. FEBS Lett. 2018 Dec;592(24):4051-4065.
4. Yawei Han, Yuheng Hong, Liandong Li, Tengshuai Li, Zhen Zhang, Jingzhao Wang, Han Xia, Yutao Tang, Zhemin Shi, Xiaohui Han, Ting Chen, Qi Liu, Mengxia Zhang, Kun Zhang, Wei Hong, Yuan Xue. A Transcriptome-Level Study Identifies Changing Expression Profiles for Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum of the Spine. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2018 Sep 7; 12:872-883.
5. Jiaming Zhou, et al. Clinical efficacy of calcitonin compared to diclofenac sodium in chronic nonspecific low back pain with type I Modic changes: a retrospective study J Pain Res. 2018 Jul 17;11:1335-1342.

Biography:

Maryam Peymani has her expertise in cancer and genomics. She has recently published several articles in this field. She is currently an Associate Professor of Biology at University of Islamic Azad University Shahrekord branch.

Abstract:

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC), which lack estrogen and progesterone receptors demonstrate HER2/neu overexpression. The poor survival outcomes coupled with TNBC patients are partially, due to a lack of therapeutic targets. The aim of this study was to introduce a new drug among the conventional chemotherapy drugs based on the trans    cripts of the patients. For this purpose, transcript of MDA-MB-468 cell line as a TNBC model was analyzed in the presence of 15 common drugs in fifteen GEO datasets. Then, reduced gene lists in the presence of each drug in three breast cancer subtypes were compared based on TCGA data. The effect of the selected drug on survival and apoptosis rates of MDA-MB-468 and MCF-7 cells (as triple positive model) were compared. The data showed that the expression of the reduced gene list in the presence of Rapamycin, significantly increased based on RNASeq data in TNBC subtype compared to the other two subtypes.  In the presence of 3000 µg/mL Rapamycin there was a sharp decrease in MDA-MB-468 cell viability and a significant increase in apoptosis compared to MCF-7 cells treated with the same concentration of the drug. The expression of PSAT1 as a gene with highest score among 44 common increased genes between all three subtypes, showed a reduction in presence of Rapamycin based on microarray data and was verified in-vitro using RT-qPCR. In summery here, we have developed a novel computational method that allows the imputation of drug response in very large clinical cancer genomics data sets, such as TCGA.

Recent Publications

1. Nazempour N, et al. The role of cell surface proteins gene expression in diagnosis, prognosis, and drug resistance of colorectal cancer: In silico analysis and validation. Exp Mol Pathol. 2021 Dec;123:104688.
2. Mahdevar M, et al. Steroid receptor RNA activator gene footprint in the progression and drug resistance of colorectal cancer through oxidative phosphorylation pathway. Life Sci. 2021 Nov 15;285:119950.
3. Miralaei N, et al. Integrated pan-cancer of AURKA expression and drug sensitivity analysis reveals increased expression of AURKA is responsible for drug resistance. Cancer Med. 2021 Sep;10(18):6428-6441.
4. Ghanizade P, et al. Differential expression analysis of CCDC107 and RMRP lncRNA as potential biomarkers in colorectal cancer diagnosis. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids. 2021;40(12):1144-1158.

Biography:

Kevin O. Ochwedo is a molecular biologist with a passion for improving people's health and well-being by participating in programs aimed at malaria transmission reduction and eradication. He is actively involved in genetic epidemiology and entomological studies of malaria parasites and vectors. His most recent publication on Plasmodium falciparum passive surveillance aims to persuade public health policymakers to supplement microscopic examination of blood samples with ultrasensitive diagnostic tools in order to support WHO's strategy of early detection and treatment of malaria patients. This, he believes, will help reduce the large number of untreated patients with false-negative malaria diagnoses who may be acting as a reservoir for P. falciparum transmission to vectors within malaria endemic zones in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Abstract:

Persons with microscopically undetectable infections may go untreated, contributing to ongoing transmission to mosquito vectors. This study determined the magnitude and determinants of undiagnosed submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum infections in a rural area of western Kenya. A health facility-based survey was conducted, and 367 patients seeking treatment for symptoms consistent with uncomplicated malaria in Homa Bay County were enrolled. The frequency of submicroscopic P. falciparum infection was measured by comparing the prevalence of infection based on light microscopic inspection of thick blood smears versus real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting P. falciparum 18S rRNA gene. Long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) use, participation in nocturnal outdoor activities, and gender were considered as potential determinants of submicroscopic infections. Microscopic inspection of blood smears was positive for asexual P. falciparum in 14.7% (54/367) of cases. All of these samples were confirmed by RT-PCR. 35.8% (112/313) of blood smear negative cases were positive by RT-PCR, i.e., submicroscopic infection, resulting in an overall prevalence by RT-PCR alone of 45.2% compared to 14.7% for blood smear alone. Females had a higher prevalence of submicroscopic infections (35.6%, 72/202, 95% CI 28.9–42.3) compared to males (24.2%, 40/165, 95% CI 17.6–30.8). The risk of submicroscopic infections in LLIN users was about half that of non-LLIN users (OR = 0.59). There was no difference in the prevalence of submicroscopic infections of study participants who were active in nocturnal outdoor activities versus those who were not active (OR = 0.91). Patients who participated in nocturnal outdoor activities and use LLINs while indoors had a slightly higher risk of submicroscopic infection than those who did not use LLINs (OR = 1.48). Microscopic inspection of blood smears from persons with malaria symptoms for asexual stage P. falciparum should be supplemented by more sensitive diagnostic tests in order to reduce ongoing transmission of parasites to local mosquito vectors.

Recent Publications

1. Ochwedo, K. O., Omondi, C. J., Magomere, E. O., Olumeh, J. O., Debrah, I., Onyango, S. A., ... & Guiyan, Y. (2021). Hyper-prevalence of submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum infections in a rural area of western Kenya with declining malaria cases. Malaria journal, 20(1), 1-8.

Biography:

Dr. Kris Williams is a recent PhD graduate with expertise in quantitative electroencephalography, neuroimaging, and neurophysiology. She has trained across several academic institutions, including Harvard Medical School where she completed their certificate program in pharmacology. Dr. Williams currently serves as an IRB specialist at Columbia University. Her academic training also involved exposure to divergent clinical populations which include pediatric neurological patients and individuals with Alzheimer’s/dementia, ADHD, and autism. By conducting research using quantitative electroencephalography, her work aims to elucidate neurophysiological biomarkers across functional networks that are associated with the clinical disorder of interest. Thus, by incorporating neuroimaging software and clinical neuroscience she hopes that her research may elucidate clinicopathogenic correlates and biomarkers that will improve clinical treatment and diagnosis.

Abstract:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with affective dysregulation, cognitive impairment, psychosis, and delusion. Because the neurodegenerative processes of AD vary according to the severity and progression of this disorder, divergent neurophysiological profiles may be present across this clinical disorder. Considerations of quantitative electroencephalographic (qEEG) biomarkers across the delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands were examined to determine whether exposure to photobiomodulation (PBM) induced significant alterations across divergent Brodmann areas and functional connectivity networks compared to sham intervention. PBM is the application of light therapy that allows photons to alter the activity of molecular and cellular processes in the tissue where the stimulation is applied. Because the photons associated with the therapeutic mechanisms of PBM affect processes associated with the mitochondria, it is hypothesized that PBM increases ATP synthesis, which thereby induces healing to damaged tissues via regeneration. Examination of electrophysiological alterations were evaluated utilizing 1 Hz resolution and across the delta, theta, alpha, and beta frequency bands using standardized weighted low resolution topographic (swLORETA) analyses. Current source density and surface topographical analyses were utilized to determine alterations across eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions across the experimental and control groups. Furthermore, specific functional networks examined include the salience, default mode, executive, working memory, and face/object recognition networks. Results of the study indicate that only the eyes-closed condition for the PBM group reached statistical significance. Significance was observed across the salience, default mode, and working memory networks. However, statistical significance was not approached within the executive network irrespective of group assignment or EEG assessment condition.

References

1. Babiloni, C., Blinowska, K., Bonanni, L., Cichocki, A., De Haan, W., Del Percio, C., Dubois, B., Escudero, J., Fernandez, A., Frisoni, G., Buntekin, B., Hajos, M., Hampel, H., Ifeachor, E., Kilborn, K., Kumar, S., Johnsen, K., Johannsson, M., Jeong, J., LeBeau, F.,  … & Randall, F. (2020, January). What electrophysiology tells us about Alzheimer’s disease: A window into the synchronization and connectivity of brain neurons. Neurobiology of Aging, 85, 58–73.
2. Bussiere, T., Giannakopoulos, P., Bouras, C., Perl, D. P., Morrison, J. H., & Hof, P. R. (2003). Progressive degeneration of nonphosphorylated neurofilament protein-enriched pyramidal neurons predicts cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease: Stereologic analysis of prefrontal cortex area 9. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 463(3), 281–302.
3. Cassani, R., Estarellas, M., San-Martin, R., Fraga, F. J., & Falk, T. H. (2018). Systematic review on resting-state EEG for Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis and progression assessment. Disease Markers, 2018, Article 5174815.
4. Castellazzi, G., Palesi, F., Casali, S., Vitali, P., Sinforiani, E., Wheeler-Kingshott, C. A., & D'Angelo, E. (2014). A comprehensive assessment of resting state networks: bidirectional modification of functional integrity in cerebro-cerebellar networks in dementia. Frontiers in neuroscience, 8, 223.
5. Enengl, J., Hamblin, M. R., & Dungel, P. (2020). Photobiomodulation for Alzheimer’s disease: Translating basic research to clinical application. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 75(4), 1073–1082.
6. Lyketsos, C. G., Sheppard, J. M. E., Steinberg, M., Tschanz, J. A. T.,        Norton, M. C., Steffens, D. C., & Breitner, J. C. (2001). Neuropsychiatric disturbance in Alzheimer's disease clusters into three groups: The Cache County study. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 16(11), 1043–1053.
7. Nunez, M. D., Nunez, P. L., & Srinivasan, R. (2016). Electroencephalography (EEG): Neurophysics, experimental methods, and signal processing. In H. Ombao, M. Linquist, W. Thompson, & J. Aston (Eds.) Handbook of neuroimaging data analysis (pp. 175–197). Chapman & Hall/CRC. Advance online publication.

Biography:

Umair Masood is affiliated to One Education Academy, Pakistan. His international experience includes various programs, contributions and participation in different countries for diverse fields of study. His research interests reflect in his wide range of publications in various national and international journals.

Abstract:

DNA extraction is a method to purify a DNA by utilizing physical or chemical techniques from a sample isolating DNA from cell proteins, and other cell parts. To extract DNA the four stages all together are Lysis, separation, precipitation, and purification. Mostly in the DNA extraction of any species plant animal or microbes we can breaking the cell wall or cell membrane separated DNA from protein or other cellular materials cleaning the DNA and confirm the presence of DNA but viral nucleic acid extraction is a critical usually phenol-chloroform and alkaline lysis method are used in order to purify a nucleic acid but this method is not reliable even some time you can repeat your purification again and again due to the presence of some other DNA or proteins which can cause a contamination and viral DNA is not purify completely.

Purify a viral nucleic acid without any chemical reactions are based on nylon protein base receptor in which virus attaches to the surface of the nylon protein base receptor and DNA enter to the chip. Nylon protein-based receptor method is one step method or protocol simply you can load your viral sample into the chip the virus start binding to the receptor and injected their DNA directly into the chip.